Which substances are disinfectants applied to skin, tissues, and non-living objects?

The correct answer is germicides, which are substances specifically designed to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. Germicides can be applied to both living tissues (in lower concentrations) and non-living objects, making them versatile in infection control protocols. They are effective in reducing the risk of infection by targeting bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens.

Antiseptics, while also able to kill or inhibit microorganisms, are distinctly meant for application on living tissues, such as skin, and are generally milder than germicides. Detergents and cleaning agents primarily work to remove dirt and organic materials rather than specifically targeting pathogens, making them ineffective as disinfectants on their own. Germicides, therefore, play a crucial role in disinfection protocols for surfaces and instruments in healthcare and other settings.